WE by Yevgeny Zamyatin

This was written in 1920 or 1921 in Petrograd, published and circulated underground through Prague and eventually into an English translation years before it ever saw print in Russia. It seems to have led to the arrest and eventual exile of Mr Zamyatin. The foreword and introduction to this new-ish (2006) printing of it explain this in full detail. He wrote it before the term "Science Fiction" existed. Orwell read it before he wrote 1984, which I'd say is full of echoes of it, if I'd ever actually read 1984. I did think of Hesse's Steppenwolf more than once while reading it.
Zamyatin was a revolutionary writer, was given a job by Gorky, and did his part to usher in the Soviets. According to the introduction, he was a big fan of people who thought Humans should be made to function like Machines. It's hard to reconcile this with the book itself, which pictures a future of mindless people performing proscribed tasks and with their every minute planned for them by an all-powerful bureaucracy in a city of glass. One hour a day is Free Time, in which you can have sex with anyone you want--but you have to say yes to anyone who asks (and they ask by filling out a ticket and filing it with the Authorities). It's not a pretty Future he envisions.
Better that you read the Introduction for the full and learned rundown on the author, and the book itself (which is short), than that I try to describe/explain more of it here.